See original article in: http://www.id-press.eu/mjms/article/view/oamjms.2018.404/2517 Abstract BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may serve as immunoregulators by producing various antiinflammatory molecules. Under sufficient level of TNF-α, MSCs become activated and adopt immune-suppressive phenotype (MSCs type-2) by releasing various anti-inflammatory molecule including TGF-β and IL-10. However, the ability of MSC itself to…